Adjectives

Type 1 adjectives:

The type 1 adjectives would change their endings into –aa when they precede the singular masculine noun and change into “-e” when they precede a plural masculine noun. Type 1 adjectives would have “-ee” as their ending if they modify a singular feminine noun and they would keep the same ending in the plural, For example:

काला कुत्ता (kaalaa kutta – black dog, dog is masculine singular that ends in “-aa” so the adjective काला will end in “-aa” too)

काले कुत्ते (kaale kutte – black dogs, masculine plural that ends in “-e” so the adjective काले will end in “-e” too)

काली बिल्ली (kaalee billee – black cat, feminine singular that ends in “-ee” and the adjective काली will have its ending as “-ee” too)

काली बिल्लियाँ (kaalee billiyaan – black cats, feminine plural that ends in “-iyaan”, however adjective would be the same as feminine singular). So the feminine plural adjective is the same as the feminine singular.

In dictionary, you can easily recognize type adjective because they end in “-aa”, for example: बड़ा (badaa – big), मोटा (moTaa – fat), लंबा (lambaa – tall), सस्ता (sastaa – cheap), नीला (neelaa – blue), पुराना (puraanaa – old), नया (nayaa – new), पतला (patlaa – thin).

Type 1 adjective endings:

When agrees with: singular nouns plural nouns
Masculine noun -aa -e
Feminine noun -ee -ee

Type 2 adjectives:

Type 2 adjectives keep their endings and therefore are invariable. In dictionary type 2 adjectives can be recognized as having any endings except “-aa”. The only type 2 adjective that has an ending “-aa” and is invariable is बढ़िया (barhiyaa – great). Usually type two adjectives would end in consonants or any vowel but “-aa”, such as: सुन्दर (sundar – beautiful), खुबसूरत (khubsoorat – beautiful), खुश (khush – happy), साफ़ (saaf – clean), सफ़ेद (safed – white), खाली (khaalee – empty), सुस्त (sust – lazy), पागल (paagal –crazy).

No matter which noun are they used with, their ending stays the same:

खाली जगह (khaalee jagah – empty place, “jagah” is the 2nd type feminine singular noun)
खाली जगहें (khaalee jagahen – empty places, “jagahen” is the 2nd type feminine, plural noun)
खाली कमरा (khaalee kamraa – empty room, “kamraa” is the 1st type masculine, singular noun)
खाली कमरे (khaalee kamre – empty rooms, “kamre” is the 1st type masculine, plural noun)
ख़ूबसूरत आदमी (Khubsoorat aadmee – handsome man, “aadmee” is the 2nd type masculine singular noun)
ख़ूबसूरत आदमी (Khubsoorat aadmee –handosme men, “aadmee” is the 2nd type masculine plural noun)
ख़ूबसूरत औरत (Khubsoorat aurat – beautiful woman, “aurat” is the 2nd type feminine singular noun)
ख़ूबसूरत औरतें (Khubsoorat auraten – beautiful women, “auraten” is the 2nd type feminine plural noun)

Type 2 adjective endings:

When agrees with: Singular Plural
Masculine noun Other than “-aa” endings Don’t change
Feminine noun Other than “-aa” endings Don’t change